剪切带型金矿中金沉淀的力化学过程与成矿机理探讨   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

程南南  刘庆  侯泉林  卫巍  石梦岩  何苗  郭谦谦 《岩石学报》2018,34(7):2165-2180

剪切带型金矿是一种重要的金矿床类型,有关该类型金矿的成因问题已开展了大量研究,但对于剪切带中金的沉淀析出机制和成矿过程仍存在较大争议,对于赋矿部位的构造属性与矿床关系的研究尚显薄弱。对此笔者整理分析了近年来国内外有关剪切带型金矿的研究进展,并结合我国胶东金矿的研究实例,运用断层阀和力化学理论分析发现,无论是脆性还是韧性剪切带,无论是脉型还是蚀变岩型金矿,其成矿的关键部位均与构造应力集中而导致的脆性破裂(特别是R、T、R’破裂的产生)和碎裂作用以及(多期)岩体侵位密切相关,并且脆性破裂所导致的压力骤降从而引发流体闪蒸的力化学过程可能是造成金沉淀析出成矿的有效机制,其中多期岩体侵位所提供的流体是成矿的物质基础。此外,从国内外实例可以看出,剪切带中的脆性破裂不仅发生于脆性或脆韧性构造域,也可以发生在较深层次的韧性构造域中,尽管韧性域中产生脆性破裂的原因还不十分清楚,但这可能是韧性剪切带成矿的关键机制之一。最后,综合岩体、流体、剪切带三者对成矿的耦合作用,文中提出剪切带型金矿的成矿机理为:(多期)岩体侵位-热液活动-构造剪切-应力集中-脆性破裂(碎裂)产生-压力骤降-流体闪蒸-元素(金)析出,如此循环往复方可形成大型剪切带型金矿。  相似文献   

菲律宾迪纳加特岛30^#矿权区红土型镍矿床地质特征及成矿作用探讨          下载免费PDF全文

江胜国  王志刚  曹健 《地质找矿论丛》2018,33(2):299-305

30~#矿权区位于菲律宾迪纳加特岛北部,区内发育有红土型镍矿床。本次勘查圈定4处矿(化)体,其中以Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ矿(化)体的矿化范围较大,厚度变化系数为45%~50%(相对稳定),经济价值较高。红土型镍矿体平面上呈地毯状展布于地表,厚度受地形控制,富镍矿体分布于矿权区东部的5、6、11、12小区;剖面上从地表向深部矿体为铁质红土层、松散红土层及高岭土化蛇纹石化橄榄岩层。30~#矿权区红土镍矿矿床的形成经历了从普通矿到富矿两个阶段,红土镍矿石属于酸性矿石。  相似文献   

TTI介质拟声波方程数值模拟     

黄杰  杨国权  李振春  谷丙洛 《物探与化探》2018,(1):134-143

TTI介质qP波数值模拟方法因为考虑了倾角因素,可以比VTI介质qP波数值模拟方法更加准确地描述各向异性介质中地震波场的传播规律。文中用拟声波方程对TTI介质中的地震波场进行了高阶有限差分数值模拟,在改进衰减函数分布方式后,通过坐标变换,利用改进的完全匹配层(perfectly matched layer,PML)边界控制方程对波场边界进行吸收处理,取得了良好的效果;然后分析了拟声波方程数值模拟中的稳定性问题,并对波场中的伪横波进行压制。通过对不同模型的数值模拟,验证了文中使用的TTI介质拟声波波动方程的稳定性以及所采用的PML边界控制方程的可靠性和适用性。  相似文献   

Metallogenic Mechanism and Tectonic Setting of Tungsten Mineralization in the Yangbishan Deposit in Northeastern China     

HAO Yujie  REN Yunsheng  ZHAO Hualei  LAI Ke  ZHAO Xuan  MA Yupeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(1):241-267

The Yangbishan iron–tungsten deposit in the Shuangyashan area of Heilongjiang Province is located in the center of the Jiamusi Massif in northeastern China. The rare earth element and trace element compositions of the scheelite show that it formed in a reducing environment and inherited the rare earth element features of the ore-forming fluid. The geochemical characteristics of the gneissic granite associated with the tungsten mineralization show that the magma formed in this reducing environment and originated from the partial melting of metamorphosed shale that contained organic carbon and was enriched with tungsten. In addition, in situ Hf isotopic analysis of zircons from the gneissic granite indicates that they probably originated from the partial melting of a predominantly Paleo–Mesoproterozoic crustal source. According to LA-ICP-MS zircon dating, the Yangbishan orerelated gneissic granite has an Early Paleozoic crystallization age of 520.6 ± 2.8 Ma. This study, together with previous data, indicates that the massifs of northeastern China, including Erguna, Xing'an, Songliao, Jiamusi, and Khanka massifs, belonged to an orogenic belt that existed along the southern margin of the Siberian Craton during the late Pan-African period. The significant continental movements of this orogeny resulted in widespread magmatic activity in northeastern China from 530 Ma to 470 Ma under a tectonic setting that transitioned from compressional syn-collision to extensional postcollision.  相似文献   

Dual Control of Depositional Facies on Uranium Mineralization in Coal‐bearing Series: Examples from the Tuanyushan Area of the Northern Qaidam Basin,NW China     

GUO Biao  SHAO Longyi  WEN Huaijun  HUANG Guangnan  ZOU Mingjun  LI Yonghong 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(2):733-754

The uranium deposits in the Tuanyushan area of northern Qaidam Basin commonly occur in coal-bearing series. To decipher the U-enrichment mechanism and controlling factors in this area, a database of 72 drill cores, including 56 well-logs and 3 sampling wells, was examined for sedimentology and geochemistry in relation to uranium concentrations. The results show that coal-bearing series can influence uranium mineralization from two aspects, i.e., spatial distribution and dynamic control. Five types of uranium-bearing rocks are recognized, mainly occurring in the braided river and braided delta sedimentary facies, among which sandstones near the coals are the most important. The lithological associations of sandstone-type uranium deposits can be classified into three subtypes, termed as U-coal type, coal-U-coal type, and coal-U type, respectively. The coal and fine siliciclastic rocks in the coalbearing series confined the U-rich fluid flow and uranium accumulation in the sandstone near them. Thus, the coal-bearing series can provide good accommodations for uranium mineralization. Coals and organic matters in the coal-bearing series may have served as reducing agents and absorbing barriers. Methane is deemed to be the main acidolysis hydrocarbon in the U-bearing beds, which shows a positive correlation with U-content in the sandstones in the coal-bearing series. Additionally, the δ13 C in the carbonate cements of the U-bearing sandstones indicates that the organic matters, associated with the coal around the sandstones, were involved in the carbonation, one important component of alteration in the Tuanyushan area. Recognition of the dual control of coal-bearing series on the uranium mineralization is significant for the development of coal circular economy, environmental protection during coal utilization and the security of national rare metal resources.  相似文献   

波浪在珊瑚岸礁礁坪上传播变形的数值研究          下载免费PDF全文

陈洪洲  毕春伟  高俊亮 《水科学进展》2018,29(2):252-259

波浪的传播变形对珊瑚岛礁附近的营养物质输送以及近岸珊瑚沙运动都起着关键的作用,同时也是礁盘顶部建筑物在设计和施工过程中需要重点考虑的因素,因此,对波浪在礁坪上的传播变形进行研究具有重要意义。利用FUNWAVE 2.0数值模型模拟了不规则波浪在不同形状岸礁上的传播变形过程,讨论了礁前斜坡坡度以及珊瑚底面粗糙程度对波浪在礁坪上传播变形的影响。结果显示,随着礁坡斜率增大,不对称度参数绝对值的增长趋势逐渐变缓,波浪在光滑礁坪上的不对称度绝对值要略大于粗糙底面上的值,而不同地形下计算得到的波浪偏度参数则基本相同。说明礁坡坡度对波浪的不对称度特征具有显著影响,礁坪粗糙度的影响则相对较小,而上述因素对波浪偏度的影响则完全可以忽略。给出了考虑这两个影响因素的礁坪区域内波浪偏度和不对称度经验公式。  相似文献   

Advances and Issues in Luminescence Dating of Loess Deposits in Arid Central Asia   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Leibin Wang  Haitao Wei  Jia Jia  Guoqiang Li  Fahu Chen 《地球科学进展》2018,33(1):93-102

High-resolution loess deposits are widely distributed in Arid Central Asia (ACA) and provide important records associated with dust transportation, paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic evolution. The chronology is the foundation of the research into loess deposits as an environmental archive. In recent decades, the gradually developed optical dating method has been increasingly matured and become an important approach to establishing the loess-paleosol sequences. Here, we summarized and discussed previous work on loess chronology mainly based on optical dating approach in ACA. The following understandings have been listed: ① In comparison with optical dating method, the suitable material for ¹⁴C dating is uncommon in ACA. However, the dating range of luminescence dating is more extensive, and the dating materials are accessible. Thus, the optical dating is widely applicable in the establishment of loess framework in this area. ② Until now, the quartz Single Aliquot Regeneration (SAR) method can be applied to the establishment of loess-paleosol sequence since last glacial period. But several issues remain unaddressed. For example, the Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) signal sensitivity of quartz grains are low in some areas. Furthermore, the results of OSL dating of different grain sizes within a single sample are inconsistent in some areas. The solution of these problems still requires more methodological research. ③ The post-IR IRSL (pIRIR) and multiple elevated temperature stimulation (MET-pIRIR) protoCols of feldspar have basically overcome the anomalous fading issue in the traditional IRSL dating process. In ACA, the framework since MIS 7 can be established with K-feldspar luminescence dating method. Compared with quartz luminescence characteristics, the K-feldspar luminescence signals are more sensitive and exhibit a high saturation level. In specific applications, it is necessary to establish the age frame according to the luminescence sensitivity, the age of samples or other factors.  相似文献   

基于人工鱼群算法和SCA等效理论的井中横波速度预测方法     

魏忠宇  刘财  郭智奇  张冰  刘喜武 《世界地质》2018,37(1):282-288

在建立页岩岩石物理模型的基础上,根据等效自相容近似(SCA)岩石物理模型,构建出岩石的纵波速度、横波速度与岩石密度、组分和孔隙度等的定量关系,得出使理论纵波速度和实际纵波速度最接近的孔隙纵横比,进而将该孔隙纵横比作为约束条件来实现横波速度预测。反演算法利用人工鱼群算法来计算最佳孔隙纵横比,并将预测的横波速度与实际测得的横波速度对比,证明了人工鱼群算法的有效性。  相似文献   

黑龙江三矿沟-庄乎河地区岩浆岩年代学、地球化学研究及其俯冲构造与成矿意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黎心远  赵元艺 《地质学报》2018,92(2):244-262

黑龙江三矿沟-庄乎河地区位于多宝山成矿带北侧,区内构造-岩浆-热液活动复杂,主要发育有三矿沟矽卡岩型矿床及庄乎河热液脉型矿床。本文选择三矿沟-庄乎河地区的岩浆岩主体为对象开展年代学、岩石学及元素地球化学等综合研究,系统厘定两个时期的岩浆岩,包括海西期庄乎河流纹岩(288~294 Ma)、庄乎河花岗斑岩(297~303Ma),燕山期三矿沟花岗闪长岩(172~179Ma)和庄乎河矿区石英闪长岩(165~176Ma)。三矿沟-庄乎河地区的成(含)矿岩浆岩均具有高硅、高铝及富碱的I型花岗岩特征,富集Rb、Sr、Ba、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素,轻重稀土元素分馏明显,δEu亏损等特征。本次研究认为研究区与成矿作用有关的构造背景为活动大陆边缘,三矿沟-庄乎河地区在海西期受到古亚洲洋俯冲作用形成庄乎河花岗斑岩及流纹岩,而燕山期三矿沟花岗闪长岩和庄乎河石英闪长岩则与成矿富集作用有关,且两区矿床成矿作用与燕山期古太平洋俯冲作用密切相关。  相似文献   

扬子地台东南缘下寒武统清虚洞组风暴沉积特征及其重要意义   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

郑斌嵩  牟传龙  梁薇  陈超 《地质学报》2018,92(7):1524-1540

在扬子地台东南缘,下寒武统龙王庙阶清虚洞组主要由浅水碳酸盐岩组成。在野外露头剖面实测和室内镜下薄片观察的基础上,大量风暴沉积被发现于不同剖面清虚洞组的不同层位中,同时大量风暴诱发形成的沉积构造被识别出来,包括侵蚀基底、粗粒滞留沉积、粒序层理、平行层理、丘状交错层理(少见并且值得怀疑)以及沙纹层理,组成了多种类型的风暴沉积序列。结合更靠扬子东南缘的深水剖面中重力流沉积的缺乏,可以推断早寒武世龙王庙期扬子地台的沉积模式为碳酸盐缓坡。结合风暴的形成机制以及清虚洞组风暴沉积的发育特征(尤其是粗粒滞留砾屑的定向排列和典型丘状交错层理的缺乏),可以推断研究区风暴沉积形成于强烈的冬季风暴作用,并且早寒武世龙王庙期华南的古地理位置应当位于中纬度地区,这一结论对一些著名的全球古地理重建方案提出了质疑。同时中纬度地区大规模发育蒸发岩和碳酸盐岩还佐证了寒武纪地球处于热室(Hothouse)时期。  相似文献